2001 01:20:30,170 --> 01:20:33,242 is one of, if not the solution. 2002 01:20:33,345 --> 01:20:35,589 - So now we talk about regenerative grazing, 2003 01:20:35,692 --> 01:20:39,420 formerly known as grazing, and it tries to spin 2004 01:20:39,524 --> 01:20:41,388 what they're doing as something completely different. 2005 01:20:41,491 --> 01:20:43,597 "Oh, we're restoring the ecosystem. 2006 01:20:43,700 --> 01:20:48,636 We're restoring soil carbon by grazing the land." 2007 01:20:48,740 --> 01:20:49,568 No, you're not. 2008 01:20:49,672 --> 01:20:51,363 In fact, there is a study; 2009 01:20:51,467 --> 01:20:54,919 it was a meta-analysis of 300 studies from around the world 2010 01:20:55,022 --> 01:20:56,437 which looked into this question 2011 01:20:56,541 --> 01:20:59,578 and found there wasn't a single instance 2012 01:20:59,682 --> 01:21:02,650 of grazing storing more carbon 2013 01:21:02,754 --> 01:21:05,584 than the greenhouse gases which the animals were producing. 2014 01:21:05,688 --> 01:21:08,691 It's what's called the "carbon opportunity cost" 2015 01:21:08,794 --> 01:21:10,382 and the "ecological opportunity cost." 2016 01:21:10,486 --> 01:21:12,971 Because it's not just that livestock farming 2017 01:21:13,075 --> 01:21:16,768 is a massive contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, 2018 01:21:16,872 --> 01:21:21,911 it's also the biggest cause of ecological destruction. 2019 01:21:23,188 --> 01:21:24,086 - [Tom] I thought the main benefit of rewilding 2020 01:21:24,189 --> 01:21:25,363 was the increased biodiversity. 2021 01:21:25,466 --> 01:21:27,020 And while it's undoubtedly incredible to see 2022 01:21:27,123 --> 01:21:29,643 the thriving ecosystems at Dunsany Castle, 2023 01:21:29,746 --> 01:21:31,956 it seems the greatest gain in rewilding of forests 2024 01:21:32,059 --> 01:21:33,750 and wetlands across our continent and beyond 2025 01:21:33,854 --> 01:21:35,338 is the opportunity it provides 2026 01:21:35,442 --> 01:21:37,720 in drawing carbon from our atmosphere and sequestering it. 2027 01:21:37,823 --> 01:21:40,343 It was starting to become clear why the science says 2028 01:21:40,447 --> 01:21:43,726 that plant-based diets can reduce emissions by up to 73%. 2029 01:21:43,829 --> 01:21:44,969 Today's global farming model 2030 01:21:45,072 --> 01:21:46,694 is a Neolithic production system 2031 01:21:46,798 --> 01:21:48,696 that simply wasn't designed to feed 2032 01:21:48,800 --> 01:21:51,009 in excess of eight billion people. 2033 01:21:51,113 --> 01:21:53,632 It just isn't sustainable. 2034 01:21:53,736 --> 01:21:55,807 There was so much to digest. 2035 01:21:55,911 --> 01:21:57,843 I felt like I hadn't scratched the surface. 2036 01:21:57,947 --> 01:21:59,500 One thing really bugging me 2037 01:21:59,604 --> 01:22:01,468 was the level of emissions created from farmed fishing. 2038 01:22:01,571 --> 01:22:03,228 [tense thoughtful music] 2039 01:22:03,332 --> 01:22:05,610 For years, oily fish has been regarded as a health food, 2040 01:22:05,713 --> 01:22:07,025 in part because it contains 2041 01:22:07,129 --> 01:22:09,614 the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. 2042 01:22:11,374 --> 01:22:12,962 But is it possible to get omega-3 fatty acids 2043 01:22:13,066 --> 01:22:14,999 from plant foods? 2044 01:22:15,102 --> 01:22:17,794 - I recommend that it's wise for plant-based eaters 2045 01:22:17,898 --> 01:22:22,144 to have a couple of servings of omega-3-rich plant foods 2046 01:22:22,247 --> 01:22:25,699 such as walnuts or a couple of tablespoons of ground flax 2047 01:22:25,802 --> 01:22:27,252 or chia seeds. 2048 01:22:27,356 --> 01:22:28,702 - [Tom] It turns out that a number of plant-based foods 2049 01:22:28,805 --> 01:22:30,497 contain a short-chain omega-3 fatty acid called ALA, 2050 01:22:30,600 --> 01:22:32,326 which the body then converts into EPA 2051 01:22:32,430 --> 01:22:34,535 and DHA when readily available. 2052 01:22:34,639 --> 01:22:36,089 But what about people who worry about the price 2053 01:22:36,192 --> 01:22:38,815 of ALA-rich foods or that perhaps they couldn't eat enough 2054 01:22:38,919 --> 01:22:40,162 to meet the conversion rate? 2055 01:22:40,265 --> 01:22:42,302 Are there EPA and DHA sources for vegans? 2056 01:22:42,405 --> 01:22:44,511 - A lot of people don't realize 2057 01:22:44,614 --> 01:22:47,238 that actually omega-3 is made by algae, 2058 01:22:47,341 --> 01:22:50,034 and it comes from the algae, not from the fish. 2059 01:22:50,137 --> 01:22:51,759 So you could actually cut out the middleman 2060 01:22:51,863 --> 01:22:53,244 and go straight to the algae. 2061 01:22:53,347 --> 01:22:55,487 Just take a good-quality DHA 2062 01:22:55,591 --> 01:22:57,696 and EPA supplement if you're concerned. 2063 01:22:57,800 --> 01:22:58,835 - [Tom] With the pescatarian diet 2064 01:22:58,939 --> 01:23:01,217 being the most expensive dietary pattern, 2065 01:23:01,321 --> 01:23:03,012 this is an instance where supplementing 2066 01:23:03,116 --> 01:23:05,566 or using the ALA sources would actually be cheaper. 2067 01:23:05,670 --> 01:23:07,741 - I would say that fish isn't necessarily 2068 01:23:07,844 --> 01:23:09,536 the health food that it used to be 2069 01:23:09,639 --> 01:23:11,124 because we are polluting the oceans 2070 01:23:11,227 --> 01:23:14,196 with environmental plastics and heavy metals, dioxins, 2071 01:23:14,299 --> 01:23:18,648 and PCBs, which then bioaccumulate in the fish. 2072 01:23:18,752 --> 01:23:21,858 And of course, when we eat them, we are also bioaccumulating 2073 01:23:21,962 --> 01:23:24,447 those toxins within our own bodies. 2074 01:23:24,551 --> 01:23:26,967 - Pregnant people are required not to have more 2075 01:23:27,071 --> 01:23:29,211 than two servings of oily fish a week 2076 01:23:29,314 --> 01:23:30,936 because of the levels of mercury 2077 01:23:31,040 --> 01:23:32,731 and other heavy metals present. 2078 01:23:32,835 --> 01:23:35,044 So, with a food that comes with a health warning, 2079 01:23:35,148 --> 01:23:36,597 why take the risk? 2080 01:23:36,701 --> 01:23:38,323 - [Tom] I was curious about the current state of our oceans. 2081 01:23:38,427 --> 01:23:39,876 How were the fish levels? 2082 01:23:39,980 --> 01:23:43,984 After all, it absorbs around 30% of all global emissions. 2083 01:23:44,088 --> 01:23:45,641 The number of fish killed each year 2084 01:23:45,744 --> 01:23:47,712 dwarfs that of land animals. 2085 01:23:47,815 --> 01:23:49,196 Anywhere from 0.8 2086 01:23:49,300 --> 01:23:52,648 to 2.3 trillion wild fish are killed each year. 2087 01:23:52,751 --> 01:23:54,546 So why are fish offered such little protection 2088 01:23:54,650 --> 01:23:56,755 under law compared to land animals? 2089 01:23:56,859 --> 01:23:59,137 Especially when we know fish are sentient beings, 2090 01:23:59,241 --> 01:24:00,759 they feel pain. 2091 01:24:00,863 --> 01:24:04,729 - With fishes, I feel like, and aquatic animals, 2092 01:24:04,832 --> 01:24:07,628 you know, that they seem so unfamiliar to us. 2093 01:24:07,732 --> 01:24:10,769 And so, I think that perhaps it's harder 2094 01:24:10,873 --> 01:24:13,324 to bridge that disconnection 2095 01:24:13,427 --> 01:24:15,188 than it might be, for, you know, 2096 01:24:15,291 --> 01:24:18,743 the connection between humans and dogs and cats. 2097 01:24:18,846 --> 01:24:20,538 - [Tom] One method used in the fishing industry, 2098 01:24:20,641 --> 01:24:23,299 to me, at least, seems particularly reckless. 2099 01:24:23,403 --> 01:24:25,301 Bottom trawling involves dragging huge nets 2100 01:24:25,405 --> 01:24:27,924 along the ocean floor and damaging it in the process, 2101 01:24:28,028 --> 01:24:29,961 and it scoops up anything in its path. 2102 01:24:30,065 --> 01:24:32,205 Every year, 300,000 dolphins 2103 01:24:32,308 --> 01:24:33,930 and whales are killed as bycatch, 2104 01:24:34,034 --> 01:24:38,211 wiping out species with huge carbon capture potential. 2105 01:24:38,314 --> 01:24:40,178 And it's not just what we're taking from oceans, 2106 01:24:40,282 --> 01:24:41,317 but what we're adding. 2107 01:24:41,421 --> 01:24:43,975 - Fish stocks have depleted 90%. 2108 01:24:44,079 --> 01:24:46,322 And the biggest source of ocean plastic 2109 01:24:46,426 --> 01:24:48,255 is fishing nets that have been discarded. 2110 01:24:48,359 --> 01:24:53,433 - Global wild marine catch for fish peaked 20 years ago. 2111 01:24:54,227 --> 01:24:56,125 Since it's been declined. 2112 01:24:56,229 --> 01:24:58,265 But meanwhile, we have invented a thing 2113 01:24:58,369 --> 01:25:00,095 called aquaculture. 2114 01:25:00,198 --> 01:25:02,821 That's why there is fish still in the supermarkets. 2115 01:25:02,925 --> 01:25:04,823 - [Tom] The overfishing and destruction of our oceans 2116 01:25:04,927 --> 01:25:07,481 has forced us into creating a farmed fishing system. 2117 01:25:07,585 --> 01:25:09,034 And just like pasture-fed beef, 2118 01:25:09,138 --> 01:25:12,590 farmed fish is also incredibly environmentally destructive. 2119 01:25:12,693 --> 01:25:15,075 For every 10 calories farmed fish provide, 2120 01:25:15,179 --> 01:25:17,836 they're given 100 calories themselves. 2121 01:25:17,940 --> 01:25:20,287 And what about the environmental impacts of cheese? 2122 01:25:20,391 --> 01:25:22,772 Cheese is the single biggest reason I ever hear 2123 01:25:22,876 --> 01:25:25,568 as to why vegetarians could never go vegan. 2124 01:25:25,672 --> 01:25:26,569 And I get it. 2125 01:25:26,673 --> 01:25:28,053 I mean, I've tried some vegan cheese 2126 01:25:28,157 --> 01:25:29,676 that tasted like it was created by the devil 2127 01:25:29,779 --> 01:25:31,988 in the deepest, darkest pits of hell. 2128 01:25:32,092 --> 01:25:35,371 But I've also eaten absolutely amazing vegan cheese. 2129 01:25:35,475 --> 01:25:38,443 And environmentally, vegan cheese has a significantly lower 2130 01:25:38,547 --> 01:25:41,032 climate impact to that of dairy cheese. 2131 01:25:41,136 --> 01:25:42,999 But aside from the environmental impacts, 2132 01:25:43,103 --> 01:25:45,209 I know very little about the cheese and dairy industry, 2133 01:25:45,312 --> 01:25:47,763 despite eating copious amounts of it as a youngster. 2134 01:25:47,866 --> 01:25:50,248 The only thing I do know is that cows would explode 2135 01:25:50,352 --> 01:25:51,870 if we didn't milk them, 2136 01:25:51,974 --> 01:25:53,803 because nine people have actually said this to me 2137 01:25:53,907 --> 01:25:55,184 during my journey. 2138 01:25:55,288 --> 01:25:57,635 Turns out those nine people were misinformed. 2139 01:25:57,738 --> 01:25:59,361 Much like humans, cats, and dogs, 2140 01:25:59,464 --> 01:26:01,915 cows also produce milk after giving birth. 2141 01:26:02,018 --> 01:26:04,366 So, what else does the dairy industry not tell us? 2142 01:26:19,691 --> 01:26:24,696 [cow mooing] [gentle somber music] 2143 01:26:31,945 --> 01:26:35,224 [cow mooing continues] 2144 01:26:45,234 --> 01:26:48,203 [cow mooing] 2145 01:26:48,306 --> 01:26:50,170 - [Tom] I was shocked to learn that 1/2 of all beef 2146 01:26:50,274 --> 01:26:51,723 comes from the dairy industry. 2147 01:26:52,690 --> 01:26:54,519 [cow mooing] 2148 01:26:54,623 --> 01:26:57,557 But if the mothers need to give birth to produce cow milk, 2149 01:26:57,660 --> 01:26:58,972 what happens to their babies? 2150 01:27:26,068 --> 01:27:28,933 - [Tom] Hypothetically, let's pretend we stop this. 2151 01:27:29,036 --> 01:27:30,659 That cheese isn't a thing anymore. 2152 01:27:30,762 --> 01:27:32,074 Neither are slaughter dealers, 2153 01:27:32,177 --> 01:27:34,283 rounding up baby calves for a few quid. 2154 01:27:34,387 --> 01:27:35,422 And that the majority of land used 2155 01:27:35,526 --> 01:27:36,527 for cheese production is rewilded. 2156 01:27:36,630 --> 01:27:38,322 What would happen to the farmers? 2157 01:27:39,702 --> 01:27:41,842 I think there's a misconception that vegans hate farmers. 2158 01:27:41,946 --> 01:27:44,466 From my experience, that couldn't be further from the truth. 2159 01:27:44,569 --> 01:27:46,364 My uncle was a farmer, and I liked him a lot. 2160 01:27:46,468 --> 01:27:48,021 He was incredibly hard-working, 2161 01:27:48,124 --> 01:27:50,644 and frankly, he had very little to show for the long 2162 01:27:50,748 --> 01:27:52,543 and enduring work he undertook, 2163 01:27:52,646 --> 01:27:54,407 like most farmers I've spoken to. 2164 01:27:54,510 --> 01:27:56,167 So, what could a shift to a plant-based diet 2165 01:27:56,271 --> 01:27:59,481 and the mass rewilding of land mean for farmers right now? 2166 01:27:59,584 --> 01:28:01,897 - I see opportunities here to bring people into farming, 2167 01:28:02,000 --> 01:28:03,450 not drive them out. 2168 01:28:03,554 --> 01:28:05,797 We don't wanna see livestock farmers driven out of farming. 2169 01:28:05,901 --> 01:28:07,696 We wanna see them thrive and develop. 2170 01:28:07,799 --> 01:28:08,835 And change their systems to suit, 2171 01:28:08,938 --> 01:28:10,595 they're gonna needs, help, and support. 2172 01:28:10,699 --> 01:28:12,908 There's potentially a whole lot of new jobs 2173 01:28:13,011 --> 01:28:16,532 waiting to be had here as the economy changes. 2174 01:28:16,636 --> 01:28:18,810 Livestock doesn't produce any jobs, 2175 01:28:18,914 --> 01:28:21,019 hardly at all, certainly not on the farm. 2176 01:28:21,123 --> 01:28:22,400 - [Tom] Of course, we wouldn't need all the land 2177 01:28:22,504 --> 01:28:24,506 freed up from animal agriculture for arable farming, 2178 01:28:24,609 --> 01:28:26,162 so if it isn't suitable, 2179 01:28:26,266 --> 01:28:28,855 this is where the work of people like Randal comes in. 2180 01:28:28,958 --> 01:28:30,684 We pay trillions a year in taxpayers' money 2181 01:28:30,788 --> 01:28:33,308 to prop up a broken food and farming system 2182 01:28:33,411 --> 01:28:34,688 when that money could instead be used 2183 01:28:34,792 --> 01:28:36,552 to work with the local farmers, communities, 2184 01:28:36,656 --> 01:28:39,866 and Indigenous people to work together with their land 2185 01:28:39,969 --> 01:28:42,972 to help fight the climate emergency on the ground. 2186 01:28:43,076 --> 01:28:45,216 If more of us move towards a plant-based diet 2187 01:28:45,320 --> 01:28:46,942 and the land no longer needed for farming 2188 01:28:47,045 --> 01:28:49,945 is returned back to nature, we'll be able to remove billions 2189 01:28:50,048 --> 01:28:52,879 of metric tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. 2190 01:28:52,982 --> 01:28:54,846 And from an employment perspective, 2191 01:28:54,950 --> 01:28:56,607 one study found that rewilding projects 2192 01:28:56,710 --> 01:28:58,574 have resulted in a 54% increase 2193 01:28:58,678 --> 01:29:00,680 in full-time equivalent jobs. 2194 01:29:00,783 --> 01:29:03,683 Simply put, removing farmland and giving it back to nature 2195 01:29:03,786 --> 01:29:06,548 doesn't lose jobs; it creates them. 2196 01:29:06,651 --> 01:29:08,826 Then there's completely new sectors opening up. 2197 01:29:08,929 --> 01:29:11,794 Innovations that are creating more jobs, more opportunities, 2198 01:29:11,898 --> 01:29:14,521 like cultivated meats or fermented proteins. 2199 01:29:14,625 --> 01:29:17,662 Solar Foods in Finland is creating what they call solein, 2200 01:29:17,766 --> 01:29:19,733 a protein out of thin air. 2201 01:29:19,837 --> 01:29:21,735 It's not from a plant or an animal; 2202 01:29:21,839 --> 01:29:23,737 it originates from a single-cell organism 2203 01:29:23,841 --> 01:29:25,981 that's put through a fermentation process. 2204 01:29:26,084 --> 01:29:27,948 - What we're trying to achieve as a company 2205 01:29:28,052 --> 01:29:30,468 is to disconnect food production from agriculture 2206 01:29:30,572 --> 01:29:34,127 and go really to the root cause of problems 2207 01:29:34,230 --> 01:29:37,717 in what comes to food production on this planet. 2208 01:29:37,820 --> 01:29:41,237 The environmental impact of solein compared to meat 2209 01:29:41,341 --> 01:29:45,966 is about 1% and about 1/10 compared to that of plants. 2210 01:29:46,070 --> 01:29:47,520 - [Tom] I do wonder how people will react 2211 01:29:47,623 --> 01:29:49,004 to this sort of innovation. 2212 01:29:49,107 --> 01:29:52,939 - Ultimately, it's the taste and texture, convenience, 2213 01:29:53,042 --> 01:29:55,873 experience that is a decisive factor. 2214 01:29:55,976 --> 01:29:59,532 - I'm not gonna lie, that's exactly what I wanted to know. 2215 01:30:05,676 --> 01:30:08,920 Mm! 2216 01:30:09,024 --> 01:30:10,059 That's good. 2217 01:30:10,163 --> 01:30:11,233 I felt like I was in a science-fiction movie. 2218 01:30:11,336 --> 01:30:12,752 Mm, that's really good. 2219 01:30:12,855 --> 01:30:15,513 But there was no denying it looked and tasted amazing. 2220 01:30:15,617 --> 01:30:17,204 The climate benefits are undeniable, 2221 01:30:17,308 --> 01:30:18,930 and along with the transition for livestock farmers 2222 01:30:19,034 --> 01:30:21,864 to a more environmentally friendly form of arable farming 2223 01:30:21,968 --> 01:30:23,832 or to land managers paid to rewild, 2224 01:30:23,935 --> 01:30:25,799 this alternative fat and protein sector 2225 01:30:25,903 --> 01:30:28,630 could create an endless possibility of foods and jobs. 2226 01:30:29,838 --> 01:30:32,012 Climate change, the environmental crisis, 2227 01:30:32,116 --> 01:30:33,704 the sixth mass extinction, 2228 01:30:33,807 --> 01:30:36,085 the collapse of our planet's life support systems, 2229 01:30:36,189 --> 01:30:37,432 however, you wanna phrase it, 2230 01:30:37,535 --> 01:30:38,847 it's a complex issue that cannot be fixed 2231 01:30:38,950 --> 01:30:41,608 by dealing with industries in isolation. 2232 01:30:41,712 --> 01:30:43,058 If a middle-aged man has a heart attack 2233 01:30:43,161 --> 01:30:46,199 and he smokes, drinks excessively, is stressed, 2234 01:30:46,302 --> 01:30:49,305 doesn't exercise, and eats poorly, then what caused it? 2235 01:30:49,409 --> 01:30:50,755 We should think of the chronic disease 2236 01:30:50,859 --> 01:30:53,137 our planet has right now in the same way. 2237 01:30:53,240 --> 01:30:55,208 But where we have little say in how we currently heat 2238 01:30:55,311 --> 01:30:56,589 or power our homes, 2239 01:30:56,692 --> 01:30:58,038 we do have much more control over the foods we eat 2240 01:30:58,142 --> 01:31:00,489 and the environmental impact that comes with it. 2241 01:31:00,593 --> 01:31:02,560 Which is why the single biggest thing we can do 2242 01:31:02,664 --> 01:31:04,217 to reduce our environmental impact 2243 01:31:04,320 --> 01:31:07,116 is to reduce or remove animal-based products from our diet. 2244 01:31:08,946 --> 01:31:11,949 So, let me get this straight: we forcibly impregnate a sow. 2245 01:31:12,052 --> 01:31:14,676 When she gives birth, we barely allow her to move, 2246 01:31:14,779 --> 01:31:16,263 whilst we fan her piglets up for a few weeks 2247 01:31:16,367 --> 01:31:19,543 until they're taken away and the process for her repeats. 2248 01:31:19,646 --> 01:31:21,199 Once removed, 2249 01:31:21,303 --> 01:31:22,546 we spend a few more weeks fattening the piglets up. 2250 01:31:22,649 --> 01:31:25,169 And it's a similar process for other farm animals, 2251 01:31:25,272 --> 01:31:28,241 one which requires huge amounts of water and feed, 2252 01:31:28,344 --> 01:31:30,277 which a large chunk is grown in parts of the world 2253 01:31:30,381 --> 01:31:31,900 using deforested land, 2254 01:31:32,003 --> 01:31:34,350 thus increasing our risk of zoonotic diseases 2255 01:31:34,454 --> 01:31:36,180 and releasing carbon into the atmosphere. 2256 01:31:37,353 --> 01:31:38,493 All around the world, 2257 01:31:38,596 --> 01:31:40,184 these animals are pumped with antibiotics, 2258 01:31:40,287 --> 01:31:42,980 a large chunk of which are vital for human health, 2259 01:31:43,083 --> 01:31:46,052 creating a greater risk of death from antibiotic resistance, 2260 01:31:46,155 --> 01:31:48,779 which is already killing millions of people. 2261 01:31:48,882 --> 01:31:51,229 The manure from the animals damages the soil, 2262 01:31:51,333 --> 01:31:53,680 runs off into the rivers, polluting our water, 2263 01:31:53,784 --> 01:31:55,648 and affects human health. 2264 01:31:55,751 --> 01:31:58,340 When it makes it into the sea, it forms dead zones, 2265 01:31:58,443 --> 01:32:00,687 killing further planet aquatic life. 2266 01:32:00,791 --> 01:32:03,587 Parts of the ocean not affected are frequently overfished, 2267 01:32:03,690 --> 01:32:05,830 resulting in millions of additional sea life killed 2268 01:32:05,934 --> 01:32:07,418 accidentally as bycatch 2269 01:32:07,522 --> 01:32:09,696 while simultaneously damaging the ocean floor 2270 01:32:09,800 --> 01:32:12,596 and releasing even more greenhouse gas emissions. 2271 01:32:12,699 --> 01:32:13,942 While all that's going on, 2272 01:32:14,045 --> 01:32:15,702 billions of land animals around the world 2273 01:32:15,806 --> 01:32:16,979 are sent to slaughter, 2274 01:32:17,083 --> 01:32:19,741 in units hidden away from the public's view, 2275 01:32:19,844 --> 01:32:21,294 in countries where not a single one 2276 01:32:21,397 --> 01:32:24,504 has been awarded an A rating for its farming practices. 2277 01:32:24,608 --> 01:32:25,712 These animals are killed in ways 2278 01:32:25,816 --> 01:32:27,783 that are deemed humane by governments. 2279 01:32:29,164 --> 01:32:30,786 The meat is then sold to the public, 2280 01:32:30,890 --> 01:32:32,270 of which a huge percentage 2281 01:32:32,374 --> 01:32:34,479 has been proven to be infected with different bacteria, 2282 01:32:34,583 --> 01:32:36,481 increasing the risk of foodborne illness. 2283 01:32:36,585 --> 01:32:38,518 When it finally reaches our plate, 2284 01:32:38,622 --> 01:32:40,037 and in a world where one in four people 2285 01:32:40,140 --> 01:32:42,315 now die from a poor diet, we get to eat a number of foods 2286 01:32:42,418 --> 01:32:45,421 that are classified as type one or two carcinogens. 2287 01:32:45,525 --> 01:32:46,837 And even the foods that aren't 2288 01:32:46,940 --> 01:32:49,149 are proven to have a far higher environmental impact 2289 01:32:49,253 --> 01:32:51,151 than their plant-based alternatives, 2290 01:32:51,255 --> 01:32:52,981 thus contributing enormously 2291 01:32:54,016 --> 01:32:56,260 to the destruction of a planet we, 2292 01:32:58,849 --> 01:33:00,057 and our loved ones, 2293 01:33:02,128 --> 01:33:03,405 call home. 2294 01:33:03,508 --> 01:33:07,478 [deep contemplative music] 2295 01:33:07,582 --> 01:33:10,619 What the actual fuck? 2296 01:33:14,727 --> 01:33:17,592 [footsteps tapping] 2297 01:33:17,695 --> 01:33:19,697 [door clunking] 2298 01:33:19,801 --> 01:33:21,526 [door slams] [intense dramatic music] 2299 01:33:21,630 --> 01:33:23,701 Sophia's turn to deadlift. 2300 01:33:23,805 --> 01:33:26,014 On her third attempt, she's going for a lift 2301 01:33:26,117 --> 01:33:27,671 that will not only give her the title if she gets it, 2302 01:33:27,774 --> 01:33:29,845 but she'll also smash 2303 01:33:29,949 --> 01:33:32,192 her own British deadlift record in the process, 2304 01:33:32,296 --> 01:33:36,852 with an enormous lift of 237.5 kilograms. 2305 01:33:36,956 --> 01:33:38,543 - [Announcer] If she gets this, 2306 01:33:38,647 --> 01:33:41,339 this will be the biggest deadlift 2307 01:33:41,443 --> 01:33:45,827 in British powerlifting history for a woman, okay? 2308 01:33:45,930 --> 01:33:48,830 So, no big thing, no big stakes, 2309 01:33:48,933 --> 01:33:51,246 but this is where it goes down. 2310 01:33:51,349 --> 01:33:53,800 237.5 kilos 2311 01:33:53,904 --> 01:33:56,285 on the bar for Sophia Ellis! 2312 01:33:56,389 --> 01:34:00,048 [rousing orchestral music] 2313 01:34:08,712 --> 01:34:13,130 [rousing orchestral music continues] 2314 01:34:21,932 --> 01:34:26,212 [rousing orchestral music continues] 2315 01:34:31,527 --> 01:34:34,323 [audience yelling] 2316 01:34:36,532 --> 01:34:39,432 [audience cheering] 2317 01:34:42,021 --> 01:34:44,575 [announcer drowned out by audience applauding and cheering] 2318 01:34:44,679 --> 01:34:47,474 [Sophia screams] [audience cheering] 2319 01:34:47,578 --> 01:34:50,650 You have just won this in three! 2320 01:34:50,754 --> 01:34:55,206 [rousing orchestral music continues] 2321 01:35:02,731 --> 01:35:07,184 [rousing orchestral music continues] 2322 01:35:09,600 --> 01:35:11,947 [crowd cheering] [crowd applauding] 2323 01:35:12,051 --> 01:35:14,191 - [Bystander] Whoo-hoo! 2324 01:35:16,055 --> 01:35:17,194 Whoo! 2325 01:35:17,297 --> 01:35:18,574 [group cheering] 2326 01:35:18,678 --> 01:35:20,231 - [Tom] Thank you. 2327 01:35:26,617 --> 01:35:27,998 - It was her who signed him up. 2328 01:35:28,101 --> 01:35:31,449 - 84 years old, he's done this race today. 2329 01:35:32,416 --> 01:35:33,210 [crowd cheering] 2330 01:35:33,313 --> 01:35:36,075 Doing press-ups at the age of 84. 2331 01:35:37,214 --> 01:35:38,629 - [Announcer] Sophia Ellis! 2332 01:35:38,733 --> 01:35:43,807 [audience cheering] [audience applauding] 2333 01:35:44,359 --> 01:35:46,637 [group laughing] 2334 01:35:46,741 --> 01:35:47,569 - Hey! - Yeah, mate. 2335 01:35:47,672 --> 01:35:48,743 - Cheers. 2336 01:35:48,846 --> 01:35:50,089 - Well done, mate. - Thanks, man. 2337 01:35:50,192 --> 01:35:51,228 - It was a pleasure doing that with you. [laughs] 2338 01:35:51,331 --> 01:35:52,298 - Yeah. 2339 01:35:52,401 --> 01:35:53,609 Oh, oh! 2340 01:35:53,713 --> 01:35:55,266 Yeah, Chan. Hello! 2341 01:35:59,754 --> 01:36:02,929 [phone line ringing] 2342 01:36:04,966 --> 01:36:06,001 [light uplifting music] 2343 01:36:06,105 --> 01:36:07,865 - [Tom's Mum] Hello? 2344 01:36:07,969 --> 01:36:10,799 - Hey, Mum. It's Tom again. 2345 01:36:10,903 --> 01:36:14,009 Really, I just wanted to call and say thank you. 2346 01:36:14,113 --> 01:36:15,286 Thank you for everything. 2347 01:36:17,530 --> 01:36:21,534 [light uplifting music continues] 2348 01:36:29,749 --> 01:36:33,995 [light uplifting music continues] 2349 01:36:36,652 --> 01:36:38,344 - Well, this is up to us. 2350 01:36:38,447 --> 01:36:40,691 Whether we turn it around or not is up to us. 2351 01:36:40,795 --> 01:36:41,899 It's up to our commitment; 2352 01:36:42,003 --> 01:36:44,660 it's up to the numbers we can mobilize. 2353 01:36:44,764 --> 01:36:48,423 It's up to whether we can make sure our voices become louder 2354 01:36:48,526 --> 01:36:51,391 than the lobbyists for the old legacy industries. 2355 01:36:51,495 --> 01:36:53,083 And whether we can promote 2356 01:36:54,360 --> 01:36:58,157 and press for the new industries and new change 2357 01:36:58,260 --> 01:36:59,848 and new ways of producing food, 2358 01:36:59,952 --> 01:37:03,162 which are essential to protecting the living world. 2359 01:37:05,681 --> 01:37:08,477 - [Tom] So, can we turn this around? 2360 01:37:10,410 --> 01:37:12,343 - [George] We can turn this around.